Society / September 13, 2024

White People Have Never Forgiven Haitians for Claiming Their Freedom

Behind the vicious Trump-Vance attacks on Haitian immigrants is a long history of making the people of Haiti pay for the audacity of their revolution.

Elie Mystal

Republican presidential nominee former president Donald Trump and Republican vice presidential nominee US Senator JD Vance.


(Michael M. Santiago / Getty Images)

I could tell you that the only ”evidence” for the baseless Republican claim that Haitian immigrants are eating pets in Springfield, Ohio, comes from an American-born woman charged with animal cruelty in Canton, Ohio. I could tell you that the Haitian immigrant community living in Ohio is made up largely of people who are in the country legally, under temporary protected status visas. I could tell you that Haitian immigrants, like those in all immigrant communities, are generally hard-working people who pay their taxes and commit fewer crimes, per capita, than native-born citizens.

But I can also tell you that none of these facts matter one jot to vile and racist Republicans like JD Vance and Donald Trump, who spread lies and misinformation about immigrants. The people pushing these falsehoods long ago abandoned any tether to facts or reality. The very online, white-wing MAGA movement has found another group of dark-skinned people to hurt. Today, it’s Haitians; yesterday it was Venezuelans, and tomorrow it will be some other group of Black or brown people.

The goal—their only goal—is to hurt people. It’s their kink. Hurting people of color titillates and excites them. It makes them feel powerful and important. When these small people see reports that Haitians in Springfield are afraid to send their children to school; when they read about the damage being done to immigrants’ property, it makes them feel strong. Imagine being able to contribute to a lynch mob raised against largely defenseless people from the comfort of your own home, simply by sharing a cat meme. That kind of power is intoxicating to some people, and what you see online is the real, honest thrill a racist experiences whenever they find someone to menace.

I hate to give these people the satisfaction of being hurt by them. I hate to acknowledge their lies and insults, and I’d like to pretend that I can’t even hear them. As a New Yorker of Haitian descent, I’d like to tell these people “Kou langett manman ou!” (which loosely translates to: “Have an inappropriate relationship with yourself, followed by your mother, posthaste”) and go about my day.

But the pain racist Republicans and their cult spokespeople are causing is too real to laugh away. It’s too familiar to ignore. And it’s entirely too consistent with how this country has always treated Haitians to pretend that it isn’t all happening again.

Haitians committed the greatest sin possible in the modern world: We took our freedom back from the white man. Haiti is the birthplace of the only successful slave-led revolt in the “New” or “Western” world. Like everywhere else in this hemisphere, enslaved Haitians asked for their freedom, agitated for it, and were willing to negotiate terms with the enslavers for their emancipation. Unlike everywhere else, when those negotiations and political dealings resulted in nothing more than the continuation of permanent chattel slavery, Haitians stopped talking and started rebellingand by 1804 had liberated themselves from their suddenly-not-so-superior captors.

White people have never forgiven us for being free. The French demanded “reparations” from the Haitians for taking their property—that property being the formerly enslaved Haitians themselves—as the price for their freedom. And the Americans, under the presidency of inveterate slaver Thomas Jefferson, refused to recognize Haiti or its independence, and imposed a trade embargo on the fledgling nation. Remember that the next time someone calls Jefferson a lover of liberty: That man didn’t just enslave and rape Africans brought here against their will; he tried his best to snuff out the embers of freedom burning on his doorstep.

This may sound like 200-year-old history, but what a lot of Americans don’t get is that these policies toward Haiti had a lasting effect. The money “owed” to the French and the US embargo crippled Haiti’s economy and prevented the industrialization and infrastructure desperately needed on an island that is periodically buffeted by hurricanes and rocked by earthquakes. And US policy toward Haiti never improved. By the 1900s, America switched to an imperial model, forcibly occupying the country in the 1920s and ’30s and then continuing to meddle in Haiti’s internal politics by propping up regime after brutal regime. Haiti’s economic and political instability are largely the consequence of American policy toward the island.

All of this would have been vile enough, but the US has not merely been content to suck the life and opportunity out of Haiti. It’s also done everything in its power to bar Haitian immigrants fleeing the cruelty of its preferred dictators—and the fallout from its many imperial interventions—from entering the United States. It’s captured them on the high seas and sent them back to Haiti. It’s created detention centers to imprison them. It literally created the world’s first HIV penal colony—at Guantánamo Bay—just to keep asylum-seeking Haitians who’d tested positive for the virus out of the United States. And now, here we are.

The Nation Weekly

Fridays. A weekly digest of the best of our coverage.
By signing up, you confirm that you are over the age of 16 and agree to receive occasional promotional offers for programs that support The Nation’s journalism. You may unsubscribe or adjust your preferences at any time. You can read our Privacy Policy here.

For all this, the Haitian people persist. Haiti is, in a way, the birthplace of modernity. It was the first modern country to establish a government and society that was not based on race or status at birth. But you never hear Haiti talked about like that. Instead, when the conversation turns to Haiti it’s almost always about poverty, tragedy, disease, or violence. The country is broke and lacks political stability, and no white person in power ever wants you to forget that—even though white powers want you to forget their historical and ongoing role of keeping Haiti poor and unstable.

That’s because Haiti and Haitians, even after all this time, remain a threat to the essential narrative of white supremacy: it’s a country that exists without appeals to whiteness. It didn’t ask for white permission. It doesn’t exist because whites want it to. And so it’s very important for the white supremacist narrative for you to know that things are not going well. It’s critically important to them that Black Americans think of Haiti as a place of danger and despair. White folks need Black people to believe that a world without whites is a world of poverty and pain. Haiti is used as the cautionary tale for what happens when you don’t play by the white man’s rules.

And so… Haitians must eat pets. And have AIDS. And practice strange sacrificial rituals. And it must be OK when international organizations leave behind cholera. Haiti must always be poor, yet still owe white people money. Haitians must always be treated as potentially violent immigrants, because, hey, we did once violently recapture the freedom white people stole from us.

JD Vance brought all of that pathological hatred of Haitians to bear when he accused Haitian immigrants, whom he considers a threat, of eating cats (the same cats he also considers a threat to white birth rates). The racists who participate in the anti-immigrant online mobs do the same. Not everybody who is piling on is aware of the deep and disgusting history of racism toward Haitians: After all, many online MAGAs have an aversion to knowing things about the other peoples of the world. But they know enough (that Haitians are Black and vulnerable in this country) to derive glee from participating in cruelty.

It hurts, of course. It always hurts when you are reminded of just how many white folks hate your people. It always stings to see a few other Black people or other supposed allies join in the denigration. I think the insult that Haitians are eating pets is doubled for me because I know for a fact that white Americans care more about their family pets than they do about Haitian immigrants being threatened and harassed right now. If all of Haiti were a nature preserve for cats and dogs, it would be protected at all costs. Since it is a home for free Black folks, its people are treated like dogs.

But being hurt and being defeated are two different things. White folks have been trying to strangle Haiti and Haitians into submission for over 200 years, and yet we are still here. What I can laugh about is this: The white supremacist forces multicultural America is trying to defeat in this election are forces little ol’ Haitians defeated literal centuries ago. America is still trying to get at our level.

Hopefully, one day, the United States will fully and finally defeat MAGA and the KKK and whatever the white wing calls itself next. And on that day, I look forward to Haitians and Americans being able to talk to each other as equals in the promise of modernity.

We cannot back down

We now confront a second Trump presidency.

There’s not a moment to lose. We must harness our fears, our grief, and yes, our anger, to resist the dangerous policies Donald Trump will unleash on our country. We rededicate ourselves to our role as journalists and writers of principle and conscience.

Today, we also steel ourselves for the fight ahead. It will demand a fearless spirit, an informed mind, wise analysis, and humane resistance. We face the enactment of Project 2025, a far-right supreme court, political authoritarianism, increasing inequality and record homelessness, a looming climate crisis, and conflicts abroad. The Nation will expose and propose, nurture investigative reporting, and stand together as a community to keep hope and possibility alive. The Nation’s work will continue—as it has in good and not-so-good times—to develop alternative ideas and visions, to deepen our mission of truth-telling and deep reporting, and to further solidarity in a nation divided.

Armed with a remarkable 160 years of bold, independent journalism, our mandate today remains the same as when abolitionists first founded The Nation—to uphold the principles of democracy and freedom, serve as a beacon through the darkest days of resistance, and to envision and struggle for a brighter future.

The day is dark, the forces arrayed are tenacious, but as the late Nation editorial board member Toni Morrison wrote “No! This is precisely the time when artists go to work. There is no time for despair, no place for self-pity, no need for silence, no room for fear. We speak, we write, we do language. That is how civilizations heal.”

I urge you to stand with The Nation and donate today.

Onwards,

Katrina vanden Heuvel
Editorial Director and Publisher, The Nation

Elie Mystal

Elie Mystal is The Nation’s justice correspondent and the host of its legal podcast, Contempt of Court. He is also an Alfred Knobler Fellow at the Type Media Center. His first book is the New York Times bestseller Allow Me to Retort: A Black Guy’s Guide to the Constitution, published by The New Press. Elie can be followed @ElieNYC.

More from The Nation

Mika Brzezinski, Joe Scarborough

Mr. Scarborough Goes to Mar-a-Lago Mr. Scarborough Goes to Mar-a-Lago

The hosts of Joe Biden’s favorite political talk show have quickly pivoted to kissing the ring of the incoming president.

Chris Lehmann

A grinning Trump holds up the UFC belt. Tulsi Gabbard and Elon Musk stand in the crowd behind him, clapping.

Watching a Parallel Media Try to Make Trump the Big Sports Story Watching a Parallel Media Try to Make Trump the Big Sports Story

The president-elect did not dominate the world of sports this weekend, but Fox News and Internet tabloids are inventing new realities.

Dave Zirin

Former president Donald Trump in Milwaukee in 2020.

The First Amendment Will Suffer Under Trump The First Amendment Will Suffer Under Trump

Given what’s heading our way, we need a capacious view and robust defense of the First Amendment from all quarters.

Nan Levinson

A detail of a painting by Thomas Nast.

Slavery in an Age of Emancipation Slavery in an Age of Emancipation

Robin Blackburn’s sweeping history of slavery and freedom in the 19th century.

Books & the Arts / Manisha Sinha

How Wisconsin Lost Control of the Strange Disease Killing Its Deer

How Wisconsin Lost Control of the Strange Disease Killing Its Deer How Wisconsin Lost Control of the Strange Disease Killing Its Deer

Despite early containment efforts, chronic wasting disease has been allowed to run rampant in the state. That’s bad news for all of us.

Feature / Jimmy Tobias

Incarcerated individuals participate in

The Prison Rodeo at the Heart of Legal Enslavement The Prison Rodeo at the Heart of Legal Enslavement

Angola prison workers make between 2 and 40 cents an hour. They also have a controversial outlet for recreation and to vend their wares at market rate: a rodeo.

Lauren Stroh